News Summary

• The Motion Picture Association has filed two new subpoena requests at federal courts in California.
• The first subpoena targets Internet infrastructure company Cloudflare and the second targets Discord users who allegedly operate pirate servers.
• Under u.s. law, rightsholders have an option to identify alleged copyright infringers, without having to file a lawsuit.
• Instead, they can request a DMCA subpoena.
• These documents are typically signed by a court clerk and don't require any judicial oversight.
• These DMCA subpoenas have shown to be a capable OSINT tool, with the Alliance for Creativity and Entertainment (ACE) as the most avid user.