News Summary

• One-fifth to one-third of immigrants return migrate from the u.s. within 10 years after arrival.
• Return migrants have entry earnings similar to those of permanent migrants but experience slower rates of earnings growth.
• Earnings of permanent immigrants converge, or come close to converging, with those of native-born people after 10 years.
• Migrants from earlier arrival cohorts experience significant earnings growth but generally do not converge to that of the native born.
• It is very difficult to just turn off the tap on “the immigrants you do not want.” An open borders policy untenable, but immigration policy should be fairly liberal more generally.